The Cognitive Theory Of Emotion - 1379 Words

Based on Tom’s feelings of anger, the theory of emotion described in the text that best fits his feelings at the time is cognitive-appraisal theory. The cognitive-appraisal theory states that â€Å"if a person notices a particular psychological response, that person has to decide what it means before he or she can feel an emotion† (Baird 195). In Tom’s case, about halfway through his Milgram’s experiment, his heartrate starts increasing and he starts sweating. He then stands up angry and declares that what is going on is wrong. He then proceeds to slam his fists on the table and say he will no longer participate. Tom’s reactions are following the cognitive-appraisal theory of emotion as he first must process what he is feeling about his heart†¦show more content†¦The drive-reduction theory of motivation might help explain why Tom walked out. The book states that â€Å"departures from the optimal states creates drives† (Baird 200). Du ring this experiment, Tom was removed from his optimal state as he began to sweat, his heartrate increased, he became angry, and stated what was going on was wrong and he no longer would participate. Nonregulatory drives involved in the drive-reduction theory such as sex or social drives also might help explain why Tom might have walked out. An example of these nonregulatory drive is â€Å"a drive to preserve safety motivates feelings of fear, anger, and even the need for sleep† (Baird 200). The reason I chose this theory of motivation to describe why Tom walked out is not only because of his removal from his optimal state, but also because the other theories might not be able to explain why Tom left. The social learning theory â€Å"emphasizes the role of cognition in motivation and the importance of expectations in shaping behavior† (Baird 200). From the definition of the social learning theory, Tom’s importance of expectations or goals from the experiment wer e never introduced making it difficult to choose this theory as we do not know what his goals were as a participant. Central-state theory of motivation tries to explain â€Å"drive by understanding them as

Representation Of Women And Femininity - 1557 Words

The media, in all forms, plays a significant role in constructing and promoting the normative notions of femininity and masculinity. Gentlemen’s Quarterly, or GQ, is a men’s magazine which, focuses primarily on male’s fashion and culture through advertisements and articles of varying topics. Despite being a men‘s magazine, there is a fair amount of women and femininity displayed throughout the magazine. This paper will be focusing on and analyzing only the visual representation of women and femininity within the men’s magazine. There are three main modes in which women and femininity are shown in the visuals of the magazine. First, Femininity, in this September 2014 edition of GQ, is often displayed through the application of males exhibiting feminine qualities. Second, notions of women and femininity are shown through the interactions between males and females throughout the magazine, being almost exclusively showing women as accessories for the men . Finally, the subjects of interest are shown through females in ads with solely female models. The magazine enforces many of the social norms dictating what femininity should be and how females should act. Additionally, despite the magazine mostly using female models in a degrading way, it proceeds to, on many occasions, seemingly mask masculinity behind feminine characteristics. Throughout the magazine, femininity can be observed through males expressing feminine qualities. Within the first few pages, this idea is clearlyShow MoreRelatedRepresentation of Women and Femininity in She and Arabian Nights1365 Words   |  6 Pagesmarried to Shahrazad. Her generous nature to save other women in the kingdom that motivates her to the marriage. The dominant themes in the two novels are heroism, courage and ever-present sense of danger. Ayesha and Shahrazad are two different women in different situations. 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During the time of â€Å"Angels in America†, Homosexuality was not something that was as widely noticed, or even respected, during the 1990s, in which the play was written. The play, taking place in Manhattan, New York, being a fairly loud city, homosexuality would generally be something that is not widely accepted. Kushner represented the ups and downs of homosexuality and a character with aids, becoming realisticRead MoreVisual images Reinforce Traditional Gender and Sexuality Stereotypes948 Words   |  4 Pagesinteractions with others† . These stereotypical representations of men and women depicted in advertisements invoke gender identities and reinforce societal values and attitudes towards gende r roles. Renowned Canadian sociologist Erving Goffman stated that the stereotypical portrayal of gender â€Å"insinuates its way into our collective cultural consciousness, even our individual psyches, normalising certain traits associated with masculinity and femininity, men and women, and impacting upon how we frame and defineRead MoreCosmetics: Depicting False Femininity in Vogue Essay893 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s contemporary society, magazines, such as Vogue, depict women utilizing cosmetics to enhance their natural features in order to achieve the central goal of attractiveness. This idea of a consumerist society causes women to become objects of desire and victims of suppression, impacting their individual identities. The concept of consumerism allows Vogue to profit materially, targeting certain aspects of culture through three methodological tools of research, such as ethnography, textual

I am writtin my on Sherman Alexie, author po Essay Example For Students

I am writtin my on Sherman Alexie, author po Essay et, and screen writer for in my personal opinion he teaches, inspires and entertains. Sherman Alexie has a flair for taking you to a creative , playground that interculterally is familiar and unfamiliar to all of us. I will begin with his biography: Alexie , a Spokane/Couer dAlene Indian,grew up in the spokane indian reservation in Washington State, he was born october 1966. his father held varous jobs, including truck driver, logger. His mother was a social worker. Alexie born hydrocephalic ( water on the brain) under went a brain operation at the age of 6 months, he was not expected to survive, although he beat the odds doctors predicted he would live with severe mental retardation, he did suffer seizures and bed-wetting through out his childhood. Preferring to stay in side , he developed a love for reading. As a young adult Alecie faced a new problem alcoholism, alcholo plagued his life for 5 years, he became sober at the age of 23. He attended high school at Reardon high where he was the only indian..except for the school mascot Alexie graduated with honors an planned to be a doctor until he fainted 3 times in human anatomy class. He then decided he needed a career change and stumbled into a poetry workshop at Washington Stae University in Pullman. He graduated in American studies from Wahington State. He then cranked out 6 poetry books and short story books, including the award winners THE BUSINESS OF FANCYDANCING and THE LONERANGER AND TONTO FISTFIGHTING IN HEAVEN. This puts the total number of pieces of work, including pieces written for magazines, at over 300. His 1sst novel RESERVATION BLUES got him names on the Grantas Best Young America Novelis and won him th Before Columbus Foundations America Book Award. Also the Murray Morgan Prize. Alexie will write and produce RESERVATION BLUES. As was his screenplay SMOKE SIGNALS , which he helped produce. As far as his personal life , Alexie has one child with his wife Diane who is a college counselor, Hidatsa Indian and former basketball player, like Alexie himself( a 62 shooting gaurd) they reside in Seattle, Now that I gave you the reader a brief overview of Sherman Alexie, I would hope to inspire a reader to read his literature, I have read many of his short stories and poetry, he is an excellent role model for the young aspiring novelist. his tales of contemporary Indian life are laced with sharp witty humor.

Business Proposal Research DesignQuantitative Research

Question: Discuss about the Business ProposalResearch Design forQuantitative Research. Answer: Introduction: Research Design Research Approach A research approach is composed of quantitative research, qualitative research and both. Quantitative research is concerned with the positive paradigm. Here, data are collected and it is then converted into numerical structure so that statistical calculations can be concluded. On the other hand, qualitative research is concerned with the social constructive standard. It emphasises the socially constructed nature of reality. Here, the topic is about the nation branding of Pakistan as a Sufi Country. The research approach is qualitative because the topic is more concerned with the human behaviour, experience, emotions and contradictory beliefs of Pakistan. In the Pakistan history, Sufi has made an important place in the hearts of the Pakistanis. Sufi is a term used to address a person who is guided by their Allah or God. God is a belief, so, the research approach is qualitative. Research Objectives At first, in order to operate and explore Sufism in Pakistan, the nation needs to establish the core values of their own nation. The core values should include their cultures, their Qawalis and so on. These values should be durable, relevant and communicable as well as hold saliency for the potential tourist. Secondly, in order to highlight the role and dynamic aspects of Sufism, the nation should expose the original meaning of Sufism to the tourist and to the world. They should not make it a political issue and cause terror around the world. At last, in order to overcome the challenges, Pakistan needs to totally remove Jihad which is a false myth and should renew the true image of the nation. In this way, the nation can successfully brand their nation as a Sufi Country. Data Collection Methods Sufism is nothing but peoples beliefs in Pakistan and it is important to them. Therefore, qualitative data collection methods is being considered since this data collection method is concerned with the changes in perceptions of the people. Literature Review Introduction The literature review is collected and a theoretical background is explained. Here, the analysis is done and it is aimed for achieving the research objectives. It has been written earlier that the research objectives is the existence of Sufism in Pakistan as well as the Nation Branding. Nation Branding is concerned with the ideology of Sufism. The literature review also provides a detailed explanations of the strategies which can be made effective in case of Pakistan by using some examples of other nations(Philippon, 2014). The Birth of Nation Branding In August 2002, the concept of Nation Branding was developed and established in South Africa. It was developed during the establishment of IMC or International Marketing Council. Nation Branding has created an importance on the symbolic value of products. It have led many countries to highlight their unique characteristics. Nation branding has led to the enhancement of the tourism industry in South Africa. As a result, the tourism industry has led to development based on their strategic planning. Other countries such as Taiwan, Japan, China, Malaysia, South Korea, New Zealand, and Israel and so on has started practising Nation Branding(Philippon, 2014). The Concept of Nation Branding vs branding an organization The concept of branding is more concerned with the symbol, logo, design as well as name. Aaker and Biel said that brand is a designed for distinguishing any type of service or products of an organization to the customers. The identity of brand has become very important for the Pakistanis based on Sufism. The concept behind the nation branding reflects the image of the nation. For example, Pakistan approaches for nation branding. Since Sufism is their beliefs and also their cultures, so, they out Sufism in front to perform their branding. Nation brand can strongly exists in any country and among its all communities and societies. But there is a difference between the marketing a product and marketing a nation across the world. The image of a nation is influenced by their beliefs, lifestyles, society as well as culture. First of all, the marketing of a product is to capture the market and draw customers in order to sell their products and make lots of profits. But in case of nation bra nding, the country draws a huge number of tourist for their unique cultures, society and lifestyles. For example, Las Vegas is known as the place of entertainment. People come here to gamble in casinos. The brand value of Las Vegas is on top if it is observed from the side of Casinos. Moreover, the nation branding is a powerful tool which is utilized for capturing the attention of foreigners from the tourism point of view. A public community focus on improving the image of country so people outside the country are attracted for tourism purpose. The companies which only focus on marketing gains a competitive advantage over their rivals. But on the other hand, nation branding empowers a nation for increasing its competitive advantage in order to fetch new prospects for global industrial as well as service sectors. So it can be well argued that, nation branding is a term developed from marketing concept yet its wide features and proportions makes it confusing and complex. However, in modern era, tourism attractions and investments in tourism industries are majorly focusing nation branding. Tourism is a powerful source of increasing economic constancy and earnings opportunities. Moreover, some of the countries use their nation branding for the political issues. Most of the countries strengthens its nations branding by means of nation branding. The process behind the branding of a nation is an ethical step. There are some important components such as ideology and the integrity of the nation. These components play a major role in branding the nation. The nations must maintain its integrity and its ideology. For example, Myanmar is a country which is similar to Pakistan based on religious beliefs. The tourist are attracted to this country because of Buddhism. They maintain the ideology and integrity. Apart from these, the nation branding represents the total citizens of a country. Sufism as Nation Branding In Central Asia and Pakistan. Sufism is a culture which made an important place in cultural practice. Sufism is a trend which is followed by every citizens of the nations of Central Asia and Pakistan and it is present from the beginning and it do not come to an end. There is a story behind it and it is very interesting. After the death of a Saint, his followers try to revive the preaching and values of the Saint. In the memory of Saint, the followers rejoice the events of his birth, major aspects of life and death ceremonies in diverse ways suitable to culture and personal value of the saint. In most of the Asian countries, Sufism has a strong concept. From the past two hundred and fifty years, Sufism faced many challenges. Challenges such as conflict between the Sufism and Anti-Sufism were present. The ruins of the original Sufism is a mixed concept in the modern generation. People are declaring that the descendants of noble Sufi are the false image in modern generations. It is beli eved that modern Sufis is only a cover of original Sufis but they have no value inside them. Thus it became a threat to them. It is prophesied that if people of todays generation follows Sufism, it means that they are going on wrong path. Conceptual Framework This conceptual framework includes three major Sufism dimensions such as tourism appeal, musical appeal and ideological appeal. Tourism Appeal-Tourist are attracted to Pakistan because of Shrines, Mughal architectures and music, toms, beauty of Northern area of Pakistan and its Islamic culture and architecture. Musical Appeal-Based on the musical appeal, Pakistan is well known for Qawalis, which is a form of sufi devotional. Ideological Appeal- The ideological appeal is concerned with peaceful coexistence with the other countries. These three dimensions are extended and has concluded another conceptual framework for the study. The picture above is a conceptual framework. The effect of Sufism development as nation branding on this framework is described below: The negative picture of Pakistan is increasing overall currency because of the non-appearance of practical supervision by government as well as important partners. Pakistan as a Sufi brand can possibly develop into a solid nation brand (Menhas, Akhtar and Jabeen, 2013). The branding of Pakistan as a Sufi nation would not just make ready for framing an alternate arrangement of affiliations that would be decidedly opposing to the present militancy and radicalism situated discernments connected with Pakistan. However it would benefit the nation as a tourism destination. Today, Sufism has two dimensions. One is the Sufi tradition in Islam and another is Jihad which is false myth of Sufism. Jihad has evolved because of political issues and it started to cause terrors all around the world. Both of these dimensions are opposite of each other. Due to Jihad, the modern original Sufis are facing challenges. They are being murdered and hanged to death as people think them as Jihad. In order to solve this problem, the country should make use of marketing practices which must be assimilated with the theories of the implementation process of the policy. The nation should make use of data triangulation and several case studies The Sufis and Jihad got mixed into the minds of people. The modern Sufis need to follow strategies such as showing their originality. They need to start again and spread Sufism and act as non-violence (Menhas, Akhtar and Jabeen, 2013). References Menhas, R., Akhtar, D. and Jabeen, N. (2013). SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SUFISM (A Case Study Of Hazret Sultan Bahu, Shorkot, Pakistan). IJARBSS, 3(9). Philippon, A. (2014). A sublime, yet disputed, object of political ideology? Sufism in Pakistan at the crossroads. Commonwealth Comparative Politics, 52(2), pp.271-292.

Sir Lancelot Essays - The Lady Of Shalott, , Term Papers

95.Sir Lancelot is going to Camelot 96.Its about dusk time or the sun is just going down 97.Its night and there are a bunch of stars out 98.a shooting star passing through the night 99.as it moves over Shalott, nothing is going on at Shalott 100.hes got wide and nice eyebrows that glisten in the sun 101.His horse's hooves are polished 102.Hes got hair that is long and it flows 103.His hair is coal black 104.His coal black hair flows as he rides to Camelot 105.He comes close to the river 106.He shows up in Shalotts mirror 107.Hes singing a song and he hear tirra lira 108.Sir Lancelot is singing 109.She stopped weaving and went towards the window 110.She made three large steps to the window 111.She looks out the window and sees water-lilies 112.She sees his helmet 113.She also look all the way down to Camelot 114.Her weaving came apart 115.The mirror cracked 116.She is realizing that the curse is upon her 117.Lady of Shalott 118.Wind is now stirring up 119.The tree leaves are turning yellow 120.The river is splashing all over the place 121.Its now raining on top of all that 122.All this is going every were including Camelot 123.She came down the tower and found a boat 124.Its floating below a willow tree 125.On the prow of the boat she writes her name 126.Lady of Shalott 127.She looks down the river 128.Like a person who can see into the future 129.And she can see that she is doomed by the curse 130.Her face has a glazed expression 131.She looked down to Camelot 132.At the end of the day 133.She unties the chain and she sits down In the boat 134.And she float down the river 135.Lady of Shalott 136.She is dressed all in Wight 137.The dress is loss and flowing in the wind 138.Leaves are falling on her lightly 139.The noises of the night like crickets and owls or wolves howling 140.She was floating down the river to Camelot 141.The boat was going down the winding river 142.She passes by fields full of willows and bare fields of grass 143.She is singing her last song and people near can hear it 144.Lady of Shalott 145.Her song is haunting and soft 146.Now her song is loud 147.Her blood is freezing over slowly 148.Her eyes were closing slowly she was dying 149.Her boat turned to Camelot 150.Before she reached the tide 151.Before the first house b the river 152.As she is singing her song she dies as she finishes 153.Lady of Shalott 154.She floating through the river that goes under a tower 155.She floats by a garden wall 156.She also floats by a tall shiny shape 157.As shes floating down by the houses 158.She is silent 159.They came out to see the dead lady 160.Everyone came out even knights, even a lord came out 161.They all gathered by the passing boat and read her name 162.Lady of Shalott 163.Who is coming in to the scene 164.Is the bright palace that is close by 165.This is a sad moment. No one is happy 166.They made the symbol of a cross to protect them self 167.Even the brave knights did the same 168.Here comes sir Lancelot 169.He says that she has a lovely face 170.He gives her a little prayer 171.Lady of Shalott

Advantage and Disadvantage Essay

Advantage and Disadvantage EssaySample Advantage and Disadvantage Essay, is the best way to solve the difficulty of choosing the right subject. It is a document that can save you from all the tension and overwhelm of choosing the right subject. If you are having trouble in making the choice of a subject then online writing samples are the best way to get answers for your doubts. But, there are so many things that need to be considered before using these samples, which will help you decide.One important thing that needs to be considered is the relevance of your writing. The advantage of these samples is that they help you to avoid awkward questions in answering the challenge. These samples are just templates which are used as a guide. There are certain parts of a genuine essay which can not be copied and used in the online version. These samples are sometimes too long and there is no substitute for the original essays.Another important consideration is the use of the 'uniqueness' in A dvantage and Disadvantage Essay. It is very important to know your topic. You should be clear about the topic or topics in order to improve your reading skills. There are certain considerations that need to be made before deciding which articles to use in your writing.Choose an article which is written in a style that suits you. In order to choose an article that suits you, it is important to identify your voice and personality. A question such as 'Where should I start writing my article?'Advantages and Disadvantages are part of any author's resource. It is very important to make them interesting and clear in order to know how they can be converted to the benefit of students. While considering advantages and disadvantages, it is important to consider the interests of the readers. How can your topic provide an insight to the students interests?Advantage and Disadvantage are also part of an essay in two forms. The first form of the essay is the reader's advantage. This form of advanta ge and disadvantage essay is taken from the real world issues. This form has a different format compared to the other forms of essay. In this form, the author can use different styles, which can help him to simplify his writing.The second form of advantage and disadvantage essay is the student's advantage. This form is similar to the second form of Advantage and Disadvantage Essay. The main difference is that the student's advantage is a combination of several parts that have been written to make them easier to understand.In this form of essay on the advantages and disadvantages are combined and composed in a few parts. The parts are chosen from the actual issues of the world. The student can even write an introduction to his essay and then add some parts. This will help him to make it clearer and more readable.

Successful Relationships essays

Successful Relationships essays Successful relationships can be formed through many different ways of attraction including similarity of interest, differences that are complementary, reciprocal attraction, competence, self-disclosure, and proximity. Because of the presence of many of these factors, my parents began a relationship that has endured for almost twenty years. Self-disclosure, intimacy, and respect are three of the most important ingredients in developing and maintaining a meaningful relationship. Through the breadth of self-disclosure, shared intimacy, and respect for one another, my parents have built an enjoyable positive personal relationship. Since my parents did not grown up near each other, the early part of their relationship developed through the breadth of self-disclosure. Self-disclosure is a deliberate and gradual process of revealing significant information about ones self to another that would not normally be known by others. Because most of their past was not known to each other, there was a lot of information that needed to be shared about their past experiences, likes and dislikes, and goals for the future. Having begun their relationship with a great deal of self-disclosure, it prepared them for a lifelong practice of sharing. The breadth of disclosure expands continually and extends through all the areas of their life, as they readily share their daily experiences. My parents have approached this activity with wisdom, care, honesty, and mutual respect for one anothers feelings. This keeps my parents relationship strong and vibrant when there are so many elements that could bring a wedge between them. Meeks, Brenda S., Susan S. Hendrick, and Clyde Hendrick have come up with a hypothesis that, One's own self-disclosure and perceptions of the partner's self-disclosure are both positively related to one's relational satisfaction, with own disclosure more strongly related than partner disclosure (26). By both...